> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models.md).

# Risk Models

- [ANNUALIZERISK](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/annualizerisk.md): Annualize discrete estimates of standard deviation to account for the compounding effects on assets.
- [EWMA](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/ewma.md): Estimate expected risk, correlation matrix, or covariance matrix for assets using the exponential-weighted moving average risk model (EWMA).
- [HISTORICALRISK](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/historicalrisk.md): Estimate expected risk, correlation matrix, or covariance matrix for assets using historical data.
- [MLERISK](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/mlerisk.md): Estimate expected risk, correlation matrix, or covariance matrix for assets with incomplete historical data (unequal lengths) with a maximum likelihood estimator.
- [PORTFOLIORISK](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/portfoliorisk.md): Calculate portfolio risk from a vector of weights, risk, and correlation matrix.
- [TURBULENTRISK](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/turbulentrisk.md): A robust statistical risk model using the Mahalanobis distance.
- [QUIETRISK](https://excelhelp.windhamlabs.com/functions/risk-models/quietrisk.md): A robust statistical risk model using the Mahalanobis distance.