# Functions

- [General](/functions/general.md)
- [ISMATRIXPSD](/functions/general/ismatrixpsd.md): Verify if a matrix is positive semidefinite. Solve for the nearest positive semidefinite matrix if it is not.
- [MATRIX](/functions/general/matrix.md): Concatenate disjointed arrays in Excel column (or row)-wise into a matrix
- [XLABHELP](/functions/general/xlabhelp.md): Getting help within Excel for the Excel Lab quant library.
- [XLABINFO](/functions/general/xlabinfo.md): Retrieve information about the Excel Lab quant library installed on your workstation.
- [XLABLICENSE](/functions/general/xlablicense.md): Invoke authentication with licensing servers to enable or re-enable your use of Excel Lab.
- [RESETPASSWORD](/functions/general/resetpassword.md): Update and set a new password for your user account
- [Return Models](/functions/return-models.md)
- [CAPM](/functions/return-models/capm.md): Estimate expected returns using the Capital Asset Pricing Model. This is also known as the Equilibrium Returns.
- [DESMOOTHRETURNS](/functions/return-models/desmoothreturns.md): Desmooth time series returns using a first-order autoregressive model.
- [IMPLIEDRETURNS](/functions/return-models/impliedreturns.md): Calculate implied expected returns of your assets / instruments.
- [MLERETURNS](/functions/return-models/mlereturns.md): Estimate expected returns for assets with incomplete historical data (unequal lengths) with a maximum likelihood estimator.
- [Risk Models](/functions/risk-models.md)
- [ANNUALIZERISK](/functions/risk-models/annualizerisk.md): Annualize discrete estimates of standard deviation to account for the compounding effects on assets.
- [EWMA](/functions/risk-models/ewma.md): Estimate expected risk, correlation matrix, or covariance matrix for assets using the exponential-weighted moving average risk model (EWMA).
- [HISTORICALRISK](/functions/risk-models/historicalrisk.md): Estimate expected risk, correlation matrix, or covariance matrix for assets using historical data.
- [MLERISK](/functions/risk-models/mlerisk.md): Estimate expected risk, correlation matrix, or covariance matrix for assets with incomplete historical data (unequal lengths) with a maximum likelihood estimator.
- [PORTFOLIORISK](/functions/risk-models/portfoliorisk.md): Calculate portfolio risk from a vector of weights, risk, and correlation matrix.
- [TURBULENTRISK](/functions/risk-models/turbulentrisk.md): A robust statistical risk model using the Mahalanobis distance.
- [QUIETRISK](/functions/risk-models/quietrisk.md): A robust statistical risk model using the Mahalanobis distance.
- [Optimization](/functions/optimization.md)
- [MVO](/functions/optimization/mvo.md): Mean-variance optimization, a quadratic programming optimizer.
- [MTO](/functions/optimization/mto.md): Mean-tracking-error optimization, maximize your return in excess of a benchmark while minimizing tracking-error.
- [MVT](/functions/optimization/mvt.md): Optimize portfolio allocations for absolute and relative performance with this multi-goal optimization function. Maximize return while minimizing risk and tracking-error (Mean-variance-tracking-error)
- [MVFRONTIER](/functions/optimization/mvfrontier.md): Solve for the Mean-Variance efficient frontier. Optimize for multiple portfolios to evaluate trade-offs.
- [MTFRONTIER](/functions/optimization/mtfrontier.md): Solve for the Mean-Tracking-Error efficient frontier. Optimize for multiple portfolios to evaluate return and risk trade-offs in relative return space (active management).
- [ISORETURN](/functions/optimization/isoreturn.md): Solve for an iso-return efficient frontier. Construct an efficient frontier to evaluate the risk and tracking-error tradeoffs.
- [Simulation](/functions/simulation.md)
- [MCNORM](/functions/simulation/mcnorm.md): Simulate a matrix of multivariate normal returns using Monte-Carlo with the option to preserve an expected correlation structure.
- [BOOTSTRAP](/functions/simulation/bootstrap.md): Simulate values by bootstrap sampling from a dateset. The bootstrap method allows for a uniform random sampling, or a biased (probability-weighted) sampling method, useful for scenario analysis.
- [Exposure to Loss](/functions/exposure-to-loss.md)
- [LOSSPR](/functions/exposure-to-loss/losspr.md): Measure the probability of loss at throughout an investment horizon (first-passage time) or at the end of horizon.
- [OMEGARATIO](/functions/exposure-to-loss/omegaratio.md): Measure the probability weighted ratio of gains to losses for a given target return.
- [SORTINORATIO](/functions/exposure-to-loss/sortinoratio.md): Measure risk-adjusted returns relative to downside deviations.
- [TAILRATIO](/functions/exposure-to-loss/tailratio.md): Determine the relative magnitude of losses to gains within an empirical distribution.
- [VALUEATRISK](/functions/exposure-to-loss/valueatrisk.md): Estimate exposure to loss of your portfolio with the Value at Risk framework.
- [MAXDD](/functions/exposure-to-loss/maxdd.md): Calculate the maximum drawdown for time series returns.
- [Regression Analysis](/functions/regression-analysis.md)
- [FACTORANALYSIS](/functions/regression-analysis/factoranalysis.md): Evaluate your assets, managers, and portfolios against factors (economic variables, signals, risk models). Decompose risk and return of your instruments using multi-factor or stepwise regressions.
- [PSR](/functions/regression-analysis/psr.md): Partial-sample regression function to estimate the similarity, informativeness, and relevance of dependent variables.
- [Scenario Analysis](/functions/scenario-analysis.md)
- [MAHALANOBIS](/functions/scenario-analysis/mahalanobis.md): Compute the Mahalanobis Distance on your empirical data set.
- [SCENARIOPR](/functions/scenario-analysis/scenariopr.md): Calculate relative scenario probabilities across a set of economic outcomes.
- [IMPLIEDSCENARIO](/functions/scenario-analysis/impliedscenario.md): Calculate the implied scenario estimates that reconciles with your target scenario probabilities.